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Using a VPN is a terrific way to shield your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple for a rear door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a rear door or comparable hack is different, it will become a target, a decoration for the poor guys. It'll leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document key you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel these options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disk that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, each of the files that you put into it's completely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, a few products store your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a far larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial provided by each of those products to get a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a file into secure storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you bypass the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disk, and data recovery utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the file in location, literally overwriting it on disc using an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this feature, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting great site information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions since the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known information and reading around the edges of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all the products accumulated here service AES. Even those that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption expert, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. The other is private, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can create an electronic signature which proves your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact that your public key decrypts it's all of the evidence you need. PKI support is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a file with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.